Utilitarianism The Bakery - 1212 Words

Utilitarianism Essentially, all the stakeholders involved should be offered their fair consideration in the business. As the owner of the bakery, if Nick had chose to overdo his profits and play down his losses, his business would probably continue to flourish as he will be receiving the loan of $100,000 from East West (EW) Bank. Because of Nick’s utilitarianism decision, Gwen and Ted got to keep their job even though the business at the bakery was struggling due to the slump in economy. And as a result of keeping Gwen, Molly has extra hands in keeping the bakery intact. Now, when Nick decided to change the business’ profits and losses to his benefit in order to get the loan granted, East West (EW) bank may suffer a loss from it if Nick does not have enough revenue to pay the loan back in the near future. It is considered ethical for Nick to overdo his profits and play down his losses on his loan application to East West (EW) Bank since it does the most good and provides the least har m. To put it in a different way, the utilitarianism approach creates the utmost balance of good over harm for Nick. Despite the fact that Nick forged his business’ profits and losses on his loan application, he managed to lend a helping hand to the other stakeholders and minimize the damage caused. Kant Ethics On the other hand, Nick should have dismissed Gwen and Ted as employees at his bakery. It is morally correct because his business is suffering financially and he isShow MoreRelatedTest 1 Question Bank8509 Words   |  35 Pagesthat Paul will assume the mortgage and that Brice will be completely discharged from all further liability on the mortgage. d. | The agreement among the three is a novation. | 41. Miller has a contract to sell 1,000 bushels of wheat to Wonder Bakery. Miller’s wheat is stored in a grain elevator and has become infested with insects. What is the consequence? c. | Miller is not discharged, but remains liable on this contract. | 42. The usual remedy for breach of contract is: d. | money

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder According to Transactional...

Obsessive compulsive disorder is identified as a psychological dysfunction where a person experiences elaborated thoughts that intrude with their normative functioning ( ). These thoughts are typically rational however their constant recurrence can make it difficult for a person to accomplish tasks that are important in daily functioning. The manifestations of these thoughts are also observable though ritualized actions. Actions are also interfering and exhibit the OCD individuals constant struggle to neutralize their mood and reduce negative thinking (Ferrier Brewin, 2004). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy has been the most popular method of treatment among clinicians treating OCD however it is important to address the affects of†¦show more content†¦Constant thought interference is a strong precursor toward negative outcomes. An example is peers relations; during adolescence its very important. OCD Children will often miss out on opportunities to master social skills. During this developmental stage however establishing identification with others peers is necessary because its these earlier identifications with others that predicts self-assurance and well-being later in life. The basis of CBTs is that our thoughts cause our feelings and behavior to react the way it does. In the case of adolescents, CBT can be preventive and help them with isolation from school work, peers, and other school activities. This treatment is very helpful with alleviating thoughts that cause behavioral problems through interactive homework assignments and verbal exchange between the patient and therapist. Though CBT might not be as successful during the childhood stage of development, when limitation for future thoughts are less prevalent, during adolescence CBT should be more effective since this stage of development is where t he capacity for abstract thought emerges ( ). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can prevent developmental issues with OCD by voiding internal unwanted feelings. Studies have proven that Adults with OCD truly benefit from CBT. CBT helps the child to internalize a strategy for resisting OCD, however that is dependent on a clear understandingShow MoreRelatedPersonality Stability and Change in Trait Theories of Allport and Eysenck990 Words   |  4 Pagesintermediate stance assumes a bidirectional relationship between heredity and environment, which allows for both consistency and change in personality. Moreover, some theorists introduce a third element to a biosocial model - the individual (e.g. transactional model of socialization). Evaluation of personality stability is difficult, seeing lack of consensus on what personality is and how it should be measured even when it viewed through a similar framework. Examination of two trait theories of AllportRead Morequalitative and quantitative research methods1823 Words   |  8 Pagesis engaged in the world they investigate, creating an unstructured and reflective element to the research, where the researchers’ knowledge, emotive interactions, and past experiences all form a part of the research (Ponterotto, 2010, p.583). According to Guba and Lincoln (as cited in Ponterotto, 2005, p.128) there are four main research paradigms: postpositivism, constructivism-interpretivism and the critical-ideological and positivism perspective. Of these four paradigms, positivism is solely

Australian Competition And Consumer Commission V TPG Internet Pty Ltd

Questions: 1. Briefly describe the nature of TPGs advertising which caused ACCC to bring these proceedings?2. What statutory provisions did ACCC allege that TPGs advertising contravened?3. What were the findings (conclusions) of the primary judge about the following aspects of the advertising? bundling. the set up fee. single price.4. What were the differences in principle between the approach of the Full Court and the approach of the primary judge in evaluating whether the TPG advertising was misleading? 5. The High Court concluded that the approach taken by the Full Court was not correct. For what reason or reasons did the High Court come to this conclusion? 6. The Full Court, in coming to its conclusions, applied as a precedent the ratio in a case called Parkdale Custom Built Furniture v Puxu (Puxu). The High Court said that the Full Court wrongly applied the principle in Puxu. Explain why the High Court thought Puxu was not a proper precedent to apply to the TPG advertising? 7. What did the High Court have to say about the dominant message approach? 8. What did the High Court say about the assumed level of knowledge in TPGs target audience? 9. Is an intention to mislead essential for advertising to be misleading? Explain what the High Court thought about this?10. If you were employed in the marketing section of an internet service provider or a fitness centre which was about to launch an advertising campaign promoting an attractive plan for membership in which there were several parts (costs and benefits) to be taken into account by potential customers, what advice would you give about the format of the advertising, based on your understanding of the High Courts ruling in ACCC v TPG? Answers: 1. TPG Internet Pty is a company which provided internet and telephone connections to the consumers. The company gave its internet and phone connections under the name ADSL2+. The careless nature of TPG Internet Pty provoked ACCC to bring these proceedings. The company didnt accomplish its promises and in return, made customers pay more than the amount advertised. TPG Internet Pty advertised about its services in newspapers and online and didnt mention about any set-up cost and related additional cost. In the advertisement, it was mentioned that the exact cost of taking internet service from TPG Internet Pty was $29.99. But most shocking part about the companys nature was that in spite of advertising a fixed amount for internet services, they charged some hidden costs. The hidden charges included set-up fee and telephone charges. The consumer had to pay a total of $149.95 instead of $29.99, as advertised by the company. The costing of $149.95 included telephone charges of $30 and oth er hidden charges (Taylor, 2009). Hence, the company didnt meet its promises as advertised and made consumer pay hefty sum for internet connections. This was the reason that ACCC took action against TPG Internet Pty. 2. By definition, statutory provisions are defined as the details about a law passed by the government. As TPG Internet Pty charged consumers extra and made them pay hefty sum for internet connections, strict actions were taken against the company. As per ACCC, TPG Internet Pty had been misleading consumers by advertising wrong amount for their internet services. The amount mentioned in the advertisement for the services was different than what was charged from consumers. The company, predominantly asked the consumers to pay certain hidden charges such as setting-up internet connection, phone set-up charges etc which increased the bill to $149.95. This was against the Trade Practices Act 1974. Under this Act, consumers are protected against unfair trade practices led by companies. Many times, companies exploit their consumers and charge them extra than what was being agreed (Taylor, 2009). Hence, this act intends to protect consumers. In this case, TPG Internet Pty exploited consumer s by charging them extra than what was promised. Hence, their practices were against Trade Practices Act 1974 as they didnt give any single amount to consumers and misled them. 3. There are three perspectives on which primary judge gave his opinion. These included Bundling, The set up free and Single Price. Bundling: Primary judge stated that any such effect should be advertised by the company clearly. The company should declare a unified figure for its services without misleading consumers and making them pay extra afterwards. However, in case of TPG Internet Pty, company didnt give any unified figure in the advertisement and also didnt make clear that what all would be included in the hidden costs. They misled consumers by advertising fake amount and hence charged extra (Jeffrey, 1994). Set Up Free: Judge stated that set-up fee is usually charged from the consumers whose connection is less than 2 years. Hence, customers must be given an idea about its cost by the company. However, in this case, the company didnt mention anything about set up fee and hence, it was assumed that the set-up might be free. Moreover, the advertisement mentioned one-line fee about the internet connection which misled consumers about set-up charges. Single Price: Judge stated that consumers must be given a single price which would cost them after including all costs. In this case, TPG Internet Pty didnt mention any clear figure instead misled them by including a low amount and then adding many additional charges. Hence, the final amount that consumers had to pay was $509.89. It was against the Trade Practices Act 1974. 4. There was a considerable difference between the judgements given by primary judge and full court regarding whether the advertisement posted by TPG Internet Pty was misleading or not. Primary judge stated that it was the fault of the company that it misled consumers by adding up bundling charges, set-up fee and didnt mentioning about one price. TPG Internet Pty advertised that cost of an internet connection was $29.99. However, there were numerous additional charges which were hidden and didnt make clear in the advertisement. Hence, the total cost of service amounted to be $149.95. Hence, he advised that TPG Internet Pty should correct their advertisement if they didnt want their ad to be misled by consumers (Dennis, 1996). Alternatively, full court had a different approach. He stated that consumers were at fault in the case of TPG Internet Pty. Consumers should go through the advertisements carefully before taking up any such service from a company. Consumers were expected to be d iligent and careful in this case. If they would have acted carefully, they might not face such trouble. 5. The high court stated that full court didnt adopt correct approach in this case. As per full court, consumers were at fault since they should have read advertisement properly. The court argued that consumers were at fault in the case of TPG Internet Pty. Consumers should have gone through the advertisements carefully before taking up any such service from a company. Consumers were expected to be diligent and careful in this case. If they would have acted carefully, they might have not faced such trouble. Secondly, the statements that full court used were wrong and appeared weird. Thirdly, the court decided that misleading can be neutralized and this was not the right method to do so. Fourthly, the high court found out that the full court didnt apply the principles of Puxu case correctly to the case of TPG Internet Pty. Hence, high court found out that full court didnt adopt correct method. 6. As per High court, Full court wrongly applied the principles of Puxu case due to many reasons. In case of Parkdale Custom Built Furniture v Puxu, the company was selling furniture and misled consumers due to which the court had argued that consumers must check the furniture carefully before buying it. However, in the case of TPG Internet Pty, the company didnt sell any kind of furniture but internet connection. Hence, the principles applied to Puxu case couldnt be applied to TPG Internet Pty case. In this case, the company was at fault. It misled consumers by adding up bundling charges, set-up fee and didnt mentioning about one price (Bradbrook, 1989). Due to this reason, the high court argued that full court wrongly applied the principles of Puxu. 7. The Dominant Message approach was adopted by high court. The High Court liked the dominant message approach as consumers didnt go to showrooms with a fixed mindset about their purchase. In case, when consumers are required to go to showrooms to buy the product, they have fixed conditions about their purchase. But in this case, consumers just had an advertisement to rely upon. Moreover, consumers dont go through advertisements carefully. Hence, they relied mostly on prominent messages (Kercher, 1985). The court stated that consumers must be careful. Alternatively, company should not advertise such messages with dominant messages that mislead consumers. 8. Generally, consumers have some knowledge about a commodity or service before buying. However, the information if incomplete can lead to trouble. In case of TPG Internet Pty, the court assumed that customers might have some general knowledge about the connection. In other words, customers might assume that connection comes with a bundling package with telephone line. But the message advertised by TPG Internet Pty stated something different. As per the advertisement, it was assumed that there were no additional costs associated with the connection. However, the same was proved wrong by the company later on. 9. In advertising, it is not essential to mislead consumers in order to allure consumers. However, in this case of TPG Internet Pty, the company didnt have any intensions to mislead consumers. The primary objective of TPG Internet Pty was to attract consumers and present the services in the best way possible (Kercher, 1985). ACCC also didnt mention anything about the wrong intensions of the company instead stated that TPG Internet Pty had the intension of presenting their best features in the advertisement. 10. If I have been employed in the marketing team of an internet service provider company, the advice I would have given to the company was to provide customers with clear information about the service and its features. The one of the most crucial things I will focus on is providing correct information to customers and never misleading them. I would have advised that presenting features in best possible way isnt wrong but misleading consumers is wrong and unfair as per Trade Practices Act 1974. Hence, the best way to present features of a service is to clearly mention the amount, the additional charges and a unified figure which will be charged from consumers. References Taylor, P. (2009). Street v Queensland Bar Association., 168 CLR 461. Jeffrey, B. (1994). "Statutory Interpretation, Law Reform and Sampford's Theory of the Disorder of Law" Part One (1994) 22 Federal Law Review 116; Part Two, (1995) 23 Federal Law Review 77. Dennis, C. (1996). Statutory Interpretation in Australia., (4th edition, Butterworths: Sydney, 1996), p. 3. Bradbrook, M. (1989). The Emergence of Australian Law., (Butterworths: Sydney, 1989) at 70. Kercher, B. (1985). An Unruly Child: A History of Law in Australia., (Allen Unwin, Sydney, 1995) at 157. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v TPG Internet Pty Ltd Questions: The sequence of court hearings The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) brought proceedings against internet provider TPG because of an advertising campaign for internet services TPG had been conducting. Initially, the proceedings were heard by a single judge, who is referred to in the judgment as "the primary judge". ACCC was largely successful against TPG in those proceedings. TPG, having lost the case before the primary judge, appealed to three judges, referred to in the judgment as the Full Court". That court largely disagreed with the conclusions of the primary judge and set aside his decision. In effect, TPG won its appeal to the Full Court. This left ACCC as the loser. It appealed to the High Court, which disagreed with the conclusions of the Full Court in favour of TPG and essentially reinstated the decision made by the primary charge in favour of ACCC.The judgment you are reading, and to which the assignment questions relate, is the judgment of the High Cour t only. However, to enable the "ratio" of its decision to be understood, the High Court includes in its judgment summaries of the reasons which the primary judge and the Full Court gave in coming to their respective (and contradictory) decisions. 1. Briefly describe the nature of TPGs advertising which caused ACCC to bring these proceedings 2. What statutory provisions did ACCC allege that TPGs advertising contravened 3. What were the findings (conclusions) of the primary judge about the following aspects of the advertising bundling. the set up fee. single price.4. What were the differences in principle between the approach of the Full Court and the approach of the primary judge in evaluating whether the TPG advertising was misleading? 5. The High Court concluded that the approach taken by the Full Court was not correct. For what reason or reasons did the High Court come to this conclusion? 6. The Full Court, in coming to its conclusions, applied as a precedent the ratio in a case calledParkdale Custom Built Furniture v Puxu (Puxu). The High Court said that the Full Court wrongly applied the principle in Puxu. Explain why the High Court thought Puxu was not a proper precedent to apply to the TPG advertising 7. What did the H igh Court have to say about the dominant message approach? 8. What did the High Court say about the assumed level of knowledge in TPGs target audience? 9. Is an intention to mislead essential for advertising to be misleading? Explain what the High Court thought about this 10. If you were employed in the marketing section of an internet service provider or a fitness centre which was about to launch an advertising campaign promoting an attractive plan for membership in which there were several parts (costs and benefits) to be taken into account by potential customers, what advice would you give about the format of the advertising, based on your understanding of the High Courts ruling in ACCC v TPG? Answers: 1. TPG Internet Pty was a company engaged in providing internet connections to consumers. The name under which the company decided to give away its internet and phone connections was ADSL2+. Although the price mentioned for services in the advertisement of the company was $29.99 but there were hidden costs. The cost which a consumer had to pay after all the additional costs amounted to be $149.95 (ACCC, 2015). Hence, this was the reason for further proceedings which were taken against TPG. 2. TPG had been misleading consumers by providing internet and phone connections at higher amount than normal. The advertisements were misleading and the company went against the provisions of the Trade Practices Act 1974. The price mentioned for services in the advertisement of the company was $29.99 but there were hidden costs. The cost which a consumer had to pay after all the additional costs amounted to be $149.95. Hence, this was the reason for further proceedings which were taken against TPG (Dennis, 1996). 3. Bundling: It was found out by judge in the case that advertisement misled consumers and there were nothing declared about the additional costs either on TV or radio. Setup fee: Judge realised that set-up charges should be normal and in case of TPG, nothing was made clear by the company. In fact the company didnt mention anything about the additional set up charges rather it was mentioned that consumer just have to pay one-time for setting up connection. Single price: IN the case, judge found out that there was no one price declared by the company to consumer. The prices kept fluctuating (boosted in every case) which was unfair as per Trade Practices Act 1974. 4. Primary judge and full-court judge had differences in their opinion. Primary judge held company wrong for misleading consumers whereas full-court judge stated that consumers must be careful about every cost when applying for internet and phone connections (Jeffrey, 1994). 5. There were three key reasons as per which high court decided against full court. One, the opinion of the full court about dominant message was wrong. Second, statements used in regard to puxu used in this case were irrelevant. Third, misleading is one of the wrong practices undertaken by TPG. 6. In this case, the opinion of the full court was dependant on the results of the case park dale Custom Built Furniture v Puxu, but the provisions were wrongly misinterpreted. Park dale Custom Built Furniture v Puxu was about a furniture company so court said that consumers must consider brand before buying it. In this case, it cant be applied as advertisement was misleading and consumers cant pay attention to minute details. 7. Although high court stated that company is doing wrong since it cant issue a misleading advertisement but the court also added that consumers must pay diligence to such advertisements. However, high court do realizes that consumers dont pay much attention to advertisement and dont go through details minutely (Ellinghaus, 2000). 8. High court also stated that consumers might have an idea about the availability of in bundle with the telephone. But the advertisement of TPG can misled consumers since they might think that there are no extra costs for connection. The price mentioned for services in the advertisement of the company was $29.99 but there were hidden costs. The cost which a consumer had to pay after all the additional costs amounted to be $149.95. Hence, this was the reason for further proceedings which were taken against TPG. 9. The high court said that it is not important that companies post misleading advertisements intentionally (Kercher, 2010). However, the primary aim of the company to post such advertisement is to attract clients and present the services in best way possible. TGP case is similar to this as the company tried to present the services in best way but it misled consumers and they had to pay additional costs. 10. After going through High Courts judgment of the case ACCC v TPG, I would advise the company to withdraw their advertisements and highlight the best features about their services but also mentioning about the additional costs in the services. By this, consumers wont be misled and would benefit from the services a lot (Patrick, 2001). In this case, the price mentioned for services in the advertisement of the company was $29.99 but there were hidden costs. The cost which a consumer had to pay after all the additional costs amounted to be $149.95. Hence, this was the reason for further proceedings which were taken against TPG. References ACCC. (2015). Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v TPG Internet Pty Ltd | Opinions on High. 2015. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v TPG Internet Pty Ltd | Opinions on High. [ONLINE] Available at: https://blogs.unimelb.edu.au/opinionsonhigh/2013/12/12/tpg-internet-case-page/.[Accessed 07 February 2015]. Astrazeneca Pty Ltd v GlaxoSmithKline Australia Pty Ltd (2006) ATPR 42-106 at [37]. See Campomar Sociedad Limitada v Nike International Ltd (2000) 202 CLR 45 at [104]-[105]. Dennis, C. (1996), ACCC TPG Case. Journal of Law, pp. 890. Patrick, P. (2001). Tradition and Change in Australian Law., Interpretation Act (Western Australia), s 43. Kercher, R. (2010). An Unruly Child: A History of Law in Australia., Legal Journal, pp. 526 Ellinghaus, A. (2000). The Emergence of Australian Law., Statute Law Revision Act, pp. 890 Jeffrey, W. (1994). "Statutory Interpretation, Law Reform and Sampford's Theory of the Disorder of Law." , Federal Law Review. Pp 77 High Court looms for ACCC vs TPG. 2015. High Court looms for ACCC vs TPG. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.afr.com/p/business/companies/high_court_looms_for_accc_vs_tpg_rOpLZ0UnqAKA3OLrmyy5PP.[Accessed 04 February 2015].

Vitamins Essay Thesis Example For Students

Vitamins Essay Thesis Vitamin, any of the organic compounds required by the body in small amounts for metabolism, to protect health, and for proper growth in children. Vitamins also assist in the formation of hormones, blood cells, nervous-system chemicals, and genetic material. The various vitamins are not chemically related, and most differ in their physiological actions. They generally act as catalysts, combining with proteins to create metabolically active enzymes that in turn produce hundreds of important chemical reactions throughout the body. Without vitamins, many of these reactions would slow down or cease. The intricate ways in which vitamins act on the body, however, are still far from clear. We will write a custom essay on Vitamins Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The 13 well-identified vitamins are classified according to their ability to be absorbed in fat or water. The fat-soluble vitamins-A, D, E, and K-are generally consumed along with fat-containing foods, and because they can be stored in the bodys fat, they do not have to be consumed every day. The water-soluble vitamins-the eight B vitamins and vitamin C-cannot be stored and must be consumed frequently, preferably every day (with the exception of some B vitamins, as noted below). The body can manufacture only vitamin D; all others must be derived from the diet. Lack of them causes a wide range of metabolic and other dysfunctions. In the U.S., since 1940, the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council has published recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients. Expressed in milligrams or international units (IU) for adults and children of normal health, these recommendations are useful guidelines not only for professionals in nutrition but also for the growing number of families and individuals who eat irregular meals and rely on prepared foods, many of which are now required to carry nutritional labeling. A well-balanced diet contains all the necessary vitamins, and most individuals who follow such a diet can correct any previous vitamin deficiencies. However, persons who are on special diets, who are suffering from intestinal disorders that prevent normal absorption of nutrients, or who are pregnant or lactating may need particular vitamin supplements to bolster their metabolism. Beyond such real needs, vitamin supplements are also often popularly believed to offer cures for many diseases, from colds to cancer; but in fact the body quickly eliminates most of these preparations without absorbing them. In addition, the fat-soluble vitamins can block the effect of other vitamins and even cause severe poisoning when taken in excess. Vitamin A Vitamin A is a pale yellow primary alcohol derived from carotene. It affects the formation and maintenance of skin, mucous membranes, bones, and teeth; vision; and reproduction. An early deficiency symptom is night blindness (difficulty in adapting to darkness); other symptoms are excessive skin dryness; lack of mucous membrane secretion, causing susceptibility to bacterial invasion; and dryness of the eyes due to a malfunctioning of the tear glands, a major cause of blindness in children in developing countries. The body obtains vitamin A in two ways. One is by manufacturing it from carotene, a vitamin precursor found in such vegetables as carrots, broccoli, squash, spinach, kale, and sweet potatoes. The other is by absorbing ready-made vitamin A from plant-eating organisms. In animal form, vitamin A is found in milk, butter, cheese, egg yolk, liver, and fish-liver oil. Although one-third of American children are believed to consume less than the recommended allowance of vitamin A, sufficient amounts can be obtained in a normally balanced diet rather than through supplements. Excess vitamin A can interfere with growth, stop menstruation, damage red blood corpuscles, and cause skin rashes, headaches, nausea, and jaundice. The B Vitamins Known also as vitamin B complex, these are fragile, water-soluble substances, several of which are particularly important to carbohydrate metabolism. B1 Thiamine, or vitamin B1, a colorless, crystalline substance, acts as a catalyst in carbohydrate metabolism, enabling pyruvic acid to be absorbed and carbohydrates to release their energy. Thiamine also plays a role in the synthesis of nerve-regulating substances. Deficiency in thiamine causes beriberi, which is characterized by muscular weakness, swelling of the heart, and leg cramps and may, in severe cases, lead to heart failure and death. Many foods contain thiamine, but few supply it in concentrated amounts. Foods richest in thiamine are pork, organ meats (liver, heart, and kidney), brewers yeast, lean meats, eggs, leafy green vegetables, whole or enriched cereals, wheat germ, berries, nuts, and legumes. Milling of cereal removes those portions of the grain richest in thiamine; consequently, white flour and polished white rice may be lacking in the vitamin. Widespread enrichment of flour and cereal products has largely eliminated the risk of thiamine deficiency, although it st ill occurs today in nutritionally deficient alcoholics. .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 , .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .postImageUrl , .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 , .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:hover , .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:visited , .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:active { border:0!important; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:active , .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941 .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc9d4aa4ad2c36e0e21a7cd9b14adf941:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leadership, Citizenship, Commu EssayB2 Riboflavin, or vitamin B2, like thiamine, serves as a coenzyme-one that must combine with a portion of another enzyme to be effective-in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and, especially, respiratory proteins. It also serves in the maintenance of mucous membranes. Riboflavin deficiency may be complicated by a deficiency of other B vitamins; its symptoms, which are not as definite as those of a lack of thiamine, are skin lesions, especially around the nose and lips, and sensitivity to light. The best sources of riboflavin are liver, milk, meat, dark green vegetables, whole grain and enriched cereals, pasta, bread, and mushrooms. B3 Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid and vitamin B3, also works as a coenzyme in the release of energy from nutrients. A deficiency of niacin causes pellagra, the first symptom of which is a sunburnlike eruption that breaks out where the skin is exposed to sunlight. Later symptoms are a red and swollen tongue, diarrhea, mental confusion, irritability, and, when the central nervous system is affected, depression and mental disturbances. The best sources of niacin are liver, poultry, meat, canned tuna and salmon, whole grain and enriched cereals, dried beans and peas, and nuts. The body also makes niacin from the amino acid tryptophan. Megadoses of niacin have been used experimentally in the treatment of schizophrenia, although no experimental proof has been produced to show its efficacy. In large amounts it reduces levels of cholesterol in the blood, and it has been used extensively in preventing and treating arteriosclerosis. Large doses over long periods cause liver damage. B6 Pyridoxine, or vitamin B6, is necessary for the absorption and metabolism of amino acids. It also plays roles in the use of fats in the body and in the formation of red blood cells. Pyridoxine deficiency is characterized by skin disorders, cracks at the mouth corners, smooth tongue, convulsions, dizziness, nausea, anemia, and kidney stones. The best sources of pyridoxine are whole (but not enriched) grains, cereals, bread, liver, avocadoes, spinach, green beans, and bananas. Pyridoxine is needed in proportion to the amount of protein consumed. B12 Cobalamin, or vitamin B12, one of the most recently isolated vitamins, is necessary in minute amounts for the formation of nucleoproteins, proteins, and red blood cells, and for the functioning of the nervous system. Cobalamin deficiency is often due to the inability of the stomach to produce glycoprotein, which aids in the absorption of this vitamin. Pernicious anemia results, with its characteristic symptoms of ineffective production of red blood cells, faulty myelin (nerve sheath) synthesis, and loss of epithelium (membrane lining) of the intestinal tract. Cobalamin is obtained only from animal sources-liver, kidneys, meat, fish, eggs, and milk. Vegetarians are advised to take vitamin B12 supplements. Other B Vitamins Folic acid, or folacin, is a coenzyme needed for forming body protein and hemoglobin. Recent investigations show that folic acid deficiency may be responsible for neural tube defects, a type of birth defect that results in severe brain or neurological disorders (see Spina Bifida). The U.S. Public Health Service recommends that women of child-bearing age take 0.4 mg of folic acid daily. Women should continue to take that dose through the first three months of pregnancy. Folic acid is effective in the treatment of certain anemias and sprue. Dietary sources are organ meats, leafy green vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains, and brewers yeast. Folic acid is lost in foods stored at room temperature and during cooking. Unlike other water-soluble vitamins, folic acid is stored in the liver and need not be consumed daily. Pantothenic acid, another B vitamin, plays a still-undefined role in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. It is abundant in many foods and is manufactured by intestinal bacteria as well. .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 , .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .postImageUrl , .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 , .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:hover , .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:visited , .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:active { border:0!important; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:active , .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9 .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub9dc451667a8b2f832db55606628d8c9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Declaration Of Independance EssayBiotin, a B vitamin that is also synthesized by intestinal bacteria and widespread in foods, plays a role in the formation of fatty acids and the release of energy from carbohydrates. Its deficiency in humans is unknown. Vitamin C, or Ascorbic Acid This well-known vitamin is important in the formation and maintenance of collagen, the protein that supports many body structures and plays a major role in the formation of bones and teeth. It also enhances the absorption of iron from foods of vegetable origin. Scurvy is the classic manifestation of severe ascorbic acid deficiency. Its symptoms are due to loss of the cementing action of collagen and include hemorrhages, loosening of teeth, and cellular changes in the long bones of children. Assertions that massive doses of ascorbic acid prevent colds and influenza have not been borne out by carefully controlled experiments (see Cold, Common). In other experiments, however, ascorbic acid has been shown to prevent the formation of nitrosamines-compounds found to produce tumors in laboratory animals and possibly also in humans. Although unused ascorbic acid is quickly excreted in the urine, large and prolonged doses can result in the formation of bladder and kidney stones, interference with the effects of blood-thinning drugs, destruction of B12, and the loss of calcium from bones. Sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits, fresh strawberries, cantaloupe, pineapple, and guava. Good vegetable sources are broccoli, brussel sprouts, tomatoes, spinach, kale, green peppers, cabbage, and turnips. Vitamin D This vitamin is necessary for normal bone formation and for retention of calcium and phosphorus in the body. It also protects the teeth and bones against the effects of low calcium intake by making more effective use of calcium and phosphorus. Also called the sunshine vitamin, vitamin D is obtained from egg yolk, liver, tuna, and vitamin-D fortified milk. It is also manufactured in the body when sterols, which are commonly found in many foods, migrate to the skin and become irradiated. Vitamin D deficiency, or rickets, occurs only rarely in tropical climates where sunlight is abundant, but it was once common among children of northern cities before the use of vitamin D-fortified milk. Rickets is characterized by deformities of the rib cage and skull and by bowlegs, due to failure of the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus. Because vitamin D is fat-soluble and stored in the body, excessive consumption can cause vitamin poisoning, kidney damage, lethargy, and loss of appeti te. Vitamin E The role of vitamin E in the human body is not clearly established, but it is known to be an essential nutrient in more than 20 vertebrate species. The vitamin plays some role in forming red blood cells and muscle and other tissues and in preventing the oxidation of vitamin A and fats. It is found in vegetable oils, wheat germ, liver, and leafy green vegetables. Vitamin E is popularly advocated for a wide range of diseases, but no substantial evidence has been found to back these claims. Although vitamin E is stored in the body, overdoses appear to have lower toxic effects than do overdoses of other fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin K This vitamin is necessary mainly for the coagulation of blood. It aids in forming prothrombin, an enzyme needed to produce fibrin for blood clotting. The richest sources of vitamin K are alfalfa and fish livers, which are used in making concentrated preparations of this vitamin. Dietary sources include all leafy green vegetables, egg yolks, soybean oil, and liver. For a healthy adult, a normal diet and bacterial synthesis in the bowels usually are sufficient to supply the body with vitamin K and prothrombin. Digestive disturbances may lead to defective absorption of vitamin K and hence to mild disorders in blood clotting. Anatomy and Physiology

Whats in the Can Essays

Whats in the Can Essays Whats in the Can Essay Whats in the Can Essay One afternoon, while finishing up your shift as the stock manager at Circus Supermarket, the manager tells you that he desperately needs some help with an inventory problem. In the back of the store, he shows you an unmarked, unopened tin can and explains that the stores owners are threatening to fire him and all his staff if they cannot keep track of the items that they sell. He asks you to help him figure out what is inside. There is one catch: He does not want to open the can, just in case there is something expensive inside. During this weeks discussion, your instructor will play the role of the Circus Supermarket store manager. Your instructor will answer any questions you have about the can, and you should keep all the answers to all the questions asked in mind as you work on a theory about what is in the can. After you have asked at least two questions of your own and have read the answers to all the other questions your classmates have asked up until that point, you should come up with and post a specific, testable hypothesis about what is in the can. You should also request that the store manager do things to the can and then report back the results to you. For example, if you would like to ask, What sounds do you hear when you shake the can? , that will count as one of your questions. Use all the evidence that your classmates have acquired as you write your hypothesis. During the week, you should also respond to your classmates questions and revise your hypothesis if a new piece of evidence emerges that proves your hypothesis incorrect. The facts about the can It’s a food item standard tin can – The can is 4 1/2 inches tall and 3 inches in diameter. It weighs 17 ounces. It makes a sloshing sound when shaken so it has both solid and liquid in it Will sink to the bottom of a bucket of water. There is a marking on one end of the can: 40OLFPF/227A The can rolls evenly. Was found in room temperature not a cooler Need a can opener to open it It is a standard tin can with ribbed sides When dropped, the can falls quickly and hard. No bouncing! The possibilities of the can pineapple chunks – very acidic diced tomatoes -does not make a sloshing sound very acidic auerkraut- does not make the sloshing sound easily cranberry sauce- does not make a sloshing sound easily very acidic green beans- sank made a very little sloshing sound black olives- sank, made a very good sloshing noise artichoke hearts – did not have one to compare corn- sank, made a very little sloshing sound cream of mushroom soup – does not make a sloshing sound tomato paste- does not make a sloshing sound There are three types of cans tin coated, tin free, and bi-metal. Since it is a standard tin can I am automatically ruling out any acid foods. Acidic foods have been found to cause corrosion in tin, this would open the company up to lawsuits. After matching the can to the requirements I narrowed it down to: corn, green beans, and olives. I would have to go with a can of pitted black olives. It sank, made a sloshing sound, is not very acidic so can go into a tin can, fit the dimensions, falls quickly, rolls evenly. It was not a name brand either. Read more: Types of Steel Cans | eHow. com ehow. com/list_5977264_types-steel-cans. html#ixzz1brKoC1Ag essense-of-life. com/moreinfo/foodcharts. htm

Sexual Reproduction - Gametes and Fertilization

Sexual Reproduction - Gametes and Fertilization Sexual Reproduction Individual organisms come and go, but, to a certain extent, organisms transcend time through producing offspring. Reproduction in animals occurs in two primary ways, through sexual reproduction and through asexual reproduction.  While most animal organisms reproduce by sexual means, some are also capable of reproducing asexually. Advantages and Disadvantages In sexual reproduction, two individuals produce offspring that inherit  genetic characteristics from both parents. Sexual reproduction introduces new gene combinations in a population through genetic recombination.  The influx of new gene combinations allows members of a species to survive adverse or deadly environmental changes and conditions. This is a major advantage that sexually reproducing organisms have over those that reproduce asexually. Sexual reproduction is also advantageous as it is a way to remove harmful gene mutations from a population through recombination. There are some disadvantages to sexual reproduction. Since a male and female of the same species are required to sexually reproduce, a considerable amount of time and energy is often spent in finding the right mate. This is especially important for animals that do not bear many young as the proper mate can increase the chances of survival for the offspring. Another disadvantage is that it takes longer for offspring to grow and develop in sexually reproducing organisms. In mammals, for example, it can take several months for offspring to be born and many more months or years before they become independent. Gametes In animals, sexual reproduction encompasses the fusion of two distinct gametes (sex cells) to form a zygote. Gametes are produced by a type of cell division called meiosis. In humans, gametes are produced in the male and female gonads.  When gametes unite in fertilization, a new individual is formed. Gametes are haploid containing only one set of chromosomes. For example, human gametes contain 23 chromosomes.  After fertilization, a  zygote is  produced from the union of an egg and sperm. The zygote is diploid,  containing two sets of 23 chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes. In the case of animals and higher plant species, the male sex cell  is relatively motile and usually has a flagellum. The female gamete is non-motile and relatively large in comparison to the male gamete. Types of Fertilization There are two mechanisms by which fertilization can take place. The first is external (the eggs are fertilized outside of the body) and  the second is internal (the eggs are fertilized within the female reproductive tract).  Ã‚  An egg is fertilized by a single sperm to ensure that the correct  chromosome  numbers are preserved.   In external fertilization, gametes are released into the environment (typically water) and are united at random. This type of fertilization is also referred to as spawning. In internal fertilization, gametes are united within the female. In birds and reptiles, the embryo matures outside of the body and is protected by a shell. In most mammals, the embryo matures within the mother. Patterns and Cycles Reproduction is not a continuous activity and is subject to certain patterns and cycles. Oftentimes these patterns and cycles may be linked to environmental conditions which allow organisms to reproduce effectively. For example, many animals have estrous cycles that occur during certain parts of the year so that offspring can typically be born under favorable conditions. Humans, however, do not undergo estrous cycles but menstrual cycles. Likewise, these cycles and patterns are controlled by hormonal cues. Estrous can also be controlled by other seasonal cues such as rainfall. All of these cycles and patterns allow organisms to manage the relative expenditure of energy for reproduction and maximize the chances of survival for the resulting offspring.

Business Proposal for implementing MIS in the Company Assignment - 1

Business Proposal for implementing MIS in the Company - Assignment Example Management information systems entail the use of computer software, hardware, and processes that facilitate the storage and management of information in an organization. Information management systems facilitate efficiency in the business by enhancing business processes and procedures. In addition, they enable the business to provide efficient customer service, which is necessary for a competitive market. The organization is able to keep track of transactions and employees’ performance through effective management information systems. Moreover, information management systems enable the management to make multiple decisions regarding business operations effectively. Information management systems generally facilitate the creation, acquisition, and storage of information in the organization (Shajahan and Priyadharshini, 2004). Public relations companies enhance organizations’ public relations by providing the media with appropriate and promotional information regarding th eir clients. The adoption of efficient management information systems in various departments of a public relations agency facilitates the efficient and effective acquisition and management of information. In addition, the systems enhance sufficient and reliable research on the position of media regarding a client. Information systems provide the company with an overview of various public relations procedures required by a particular business. It also enables the organization to acquire information regarding the level of their clients’ public relations. The implementation of effective management information systems in the organization promotes efficiency and accuracy with respect to research and the dissemination of information. The business proposal aims at providing concrete information regarding the benefits of adopting an effective information management system in the company’s research and communication department (Shajahan and Priyadharshini, 2004).

Mass media Ethic case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mass media Ethic case study - Essay Example Accordingly, Monsignor Burke, the COO of the church has approached a public relations personnel, John Allen, for advice on how to handle this matter. In this case, the church wants to find out whether to declare the nightmare of sexual abuse a past occurrence that has no effects on the current welfare of the church or to blame predecessor bishops for the vice. In this case, there are two fundamental values on which catholic faith is grounded that are concerned. They include truth and justice. In the case of truth, the church advocate for accountability and transparency while for justice, the catholic affirms that each member of the society deserves to be served with justice at all time. The theory, developed to address the issue of Enlightenment rationalism, is grounded on the view that the only intrinsically good thing is a good will; an action is only good if its axiom  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the rationale behind it  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is commitment to the moral law. In this case, the church should be guided in a way that will help in restoring the morality and public goodwill. As such, I would advise the archbishop to consider three dimensions when making a decision on what to disclose to the media: Firstly, he should consider the truthfulness of the matter. In this case, he should gauge the statement he wants to issue against the truth. In this case, he should uphold the principle of truthfulness. By doing so, the church will ensure that this character-tarnishing story will never haunt again. Secondly, I would advise to evaluate the intentions that the church has in this scenario. In this case, the intentions should reflect god wills and to a large extent, the principle of morality should be taken into consideration. Lastly, the decision reached by the church should uphold dignity and respect on the part of the church. In this regard, I would advise them to take a position that exhibits respect to the member of the congregation and the

Literary Device Compare and Contrast Essay Essay Example for Free

Literary Device Compare and Contrast Essay Essay Short stories are often the best way to learn about literary terms and their uses. They’re short, as their name depicts, but contain everything that longer stories would have such as the elements of plot, foreshadowing, themes, tone, and other literary devices. The two short stories, The Parsley Garden by William Saroyan and Sweat by Zora Neale Hudson were both amazing to read and offered a lot of insight to American history. The Parsley Garden told the story of an adolescent, named Al, during the depression, who wanted a hammer he saw in a store. Not having a single penny on him, he decided to steal it, getting caught in the action. Lectured and humiliated by the store manager, Mr. Clemmer, he was let go resulting in him plotting his revenge and a way to get his pride back. Sweat was the story of an African-American wash-woman, Delia. She was constantly abused and was trapped under her tyrannical husband, Sykes who openly cheated on her with another woman. Despite all her hardships with her husband, she worked long and hard using her own sweat and blood to clean clothes. As their relationship got even worse, Sykes decided to pull an ugly prank on Delia that would later backfire on him. Both stories had their similarities and differences, but some stood out more than others. The climaxes of the two stories were similar in that they were both turning points in the story, but also different in the way the story was resolved. In Sweat, the resolution is bitter sweet. â€Å"She saw him on his hands and knees as soon as she reached the door†¦she knew the cold river was creeping up and up to extinguish that eye which must know by now that she knew. † Delia was emancipated from the abuse of her husband, but she still pitied him and was upset over the death of her Sykes. The Parsley Garden ends in the more typical, happy fashion. Al finally obtains his hammer while regaining his pride. â€Å"His mother went inside and went to bed, but Al Condraj sat on the bench he had made and smelled the parsley garden and didn’t feel humiliated anymore. But nothing could stop him from hating the two men, even though he knew they hadn’t done anything they shouldn’t have†. The differences in the resolution of the two stories are common as resolutions are much more complicated than the fairytale ending these days. Each has its  own unique touch but both resolved the story with the readers in peace. Themes are the morals of the story. Both stories had many themes; some similar, some completely different. In Sweat, some of the themes included oppression, honesty, and determination just to name a few. The Parsley Garden had a few more common ones such as coming of age, honesty, pride, and integrity. The theme that occurred most in Sweat was oppression as it was seen throughout the essay. It was the main theme unlike The Parsley Garden which didn’t have one main theme but many smaller themes spread out evenly. â€Å"She brought love to the union and he had brought a longing after the flesh. Two months after the wedding, he had given her the first brutal beating†. Quotes about Delia getting beat, reoccurred throughout the whole story, compared to The Parsley Garden, where the themes did not reoccur. One aspect of stories in general always intrigues me. The conflicts between the characters or between themselves is what makes up the story, so conflicts are one of the most important literary terms in a story. Both stories contain man vs.  man conflict such as when Delia and Sykes fight â€Å"That night he did not return at all, and the next day being Sunday, Delia was glad she did not have to quarrel before she hitched up her pony and drove the four miles to Woodbridge†, and when Al was grabbed by the young man in the store â€Å"but as he did so a man took him firmly by the arm without a word and pushed him to the back of the store into a small office†. Man vs. man is often the most common type of conflict as there is usually a protagonist and an antagonist. The stories differed in that Sweat also had man vs.  society, where it went against society, for Sykes to beat Delia as aforementioned with the theme, oppression. Sweat and The Parsley Garden were similar in many ways, but they also had more differences than similarities. This just shows the variety of stories there are out there in the world. Comparing two different stories would yield completely different ways of writing. There are just too many ways of writing, but one can bet one thing for sure. There will always be literary devices in a good story and it will always follow a plot.

The Character of Caliban in Shakespeare’s The Tempest Essays -- Tempes

The Character of Caliban in Shakespeare’s The Tempest Caliban is one of the most interesting of Shakespeare’s characters. For centuries, scholars have puzzled over the meaning and importance of this central character. Who or what is this creature? Is he a man or a beast (Peterson, p.2)? Most of the people who have debated this question take the question itself at face value. Caliban is either a man or a beast. The other characters in the play dismiss him as a "poisonous slave," "savage," and "hag-seed" (Act 1, Scene 2), but that does not mean that the reader must do so as well. Let us take a closer look at Caliban the individual and evaluate the question of his humanity. In the end, I think we will see that Caliban is just as human as the other characters in the play. The first charge against Caliban is his shape. Prospero beckons him come by shouting, "What ho! Slave, Caliban!/ Thou earth, thou, speak!...Come thou tortoise!" Prospero does not even deign to place him among humankind; instead he is called "earth" as if he is part of the very ground-- the dirt that Prospero rules. Later, Trinculo calls him "A strange fish" and Stephano refers to him as a "monster of the isle with four legs." (2,2) Indeed, Caliban is never spoken of without some dehumanizing adjective added to the address. I would, however like to challenge the notion of his ugliness. During Shakespeare's day, there was a very narrow, very specific concept of beauty. For example, a woman was usually considered most beautiful if she was very fair. This showed that she was not exposed to the sun through any type of common labor and thus signified her gentility. To most of Elizabethan England, this concept of beauty was the only concept of beaut... ...ight not all be good ones, are, nevertheless, very human ones. In fact, most of Shakespeare's characters exhibit attributes far worse than Caliban's, yet their humanity is ever called into question. Consider Iago of Othello. Iago exhibited a startling lack of redeeming qualities, yet he was never called a monster. The only reason that Caliban should be called a "monster" lies in the only way he differs from the other characters-- his appearance. It is a shame that, while a modern audiences may question the treatment of Caliban, they do not often question the reason behind it, and by failing to do so, they, along with Prospero become slaves to their own preconceptions. Dale Peterson and Jane Goodall encompassed the lesson that we must learn from Caliban. They said, "By enslaving Caliban, we enslave ourselves. Only when we free Caliban will we free ourselves."

American Revolution – Essay 12

Carly Zeravica American Revolution Essay Period 3 9/20/11 When did the American Revolution start? Some historians say that it began after the French and Indian War ended in 1763 and others say that it began when the colonists first came to North America in 1607. Regardless, the colonists achieved separation from the changeless ways in Britain and created new ideas for the â€Å"new world. † After years of ignorance from Britain, the colonies began to form their own identity as a whole. They now had a vision of their future, but were restrained in numerous ways by the British. However, the colonists refused to tolerate British limitations. The American Revolution was a product of colonial rejection to Britain’s attempts at taxation, legislation, and economic control. Britain’s triumph in the Seven Years’ War came with a price. Britain acquired a large amount of land from the defeated empires of France and Spain, accompanied by a large amount of debt. About half of this debt was a result of defending the American colonies. Therefore, the British government began taxing the colonies in order to pay off their substantial monetary obligation. Americans became infuriated, especially with officials such as Prime Minister George Grenville, who imposed The Sugar Act. This placed a tax on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies. The British viewed taxation as colonial compensation for protection. The Sugar Act excitement settled after the duty was lowered, but it was soon followed by more taxing. Charles Townshend, a British politician, influenced Parliament to pass the Townshend Acts. These acts placed an import tax on items such as glass, paper, and tea. Colonists rebelled once again, creating nonimportation agreements against the Townshend Acts. Although colonists were primarily angry with the tax on tea, they ignored the duties and began smuggling. Ultimately, taxation was a British effort to abuse the rights of the Americans. Taxes, along with Parliamentary legislations and economy, eventually built up, intensified, and led to the American Revolution. Throughout the seventeenth century, the American colonies argued with Britain about the level of freedom they deserved. Britain believed that the colonists had too much freedom, while they claimed there wasn’t enough. Britain took action by passing a series of laws and acts, restricting the thirteen colonies further. London government started their restrictions by issuing the Proclamation of 1763. This document stated that the colonists could not settle land beyond the Appalachian Mountains. The Proclamation was viewed as an â€Å"oppression† by Americans, particularly land speculators. They felt that their right to progress west was being taken from them, and were thoroughly angered at this. However, British government wouldn’t stop here. Until 1763, Navigation Laws were faintly enforced, allowing products to be shipped to the colonies without going through British vessels or the country itself. Then, Prime Minister George Grenville demanded that the British navy strictly impose the laws. The Americans wanted to have control of their â€Å"new world†, and saw no logic in confinement to British rule. Nonetheless, more policies were issued, including the infamous Intolerable Acts. These rules were placed on Massachusetts, Boston specifically, taking away the rights of the colonists living there. As a part of the Intolerable Acts, the Quebec Act was passed, expanding the Quebec borders to the Ohio River and granting French Canadians exclusive rights. Bitterness continued to brew in the colonies because these acts proved inequality within America. There was no colonial government whatsoever, and the British policies were strongly enforced. All that was left in the hands of the colonists was the growth of their economy, or so they thought. Wealth was power in the eyes of mercantilists, and wealth was determined by the amount of gold or silver a country possessed. The thirteen colonies were used essentially as a factory by London government, producing what was necessary to fulfill their mercantilist goals. They were solely meant to generate goods for Britain, who saw their aspiration to have an independent economy as a unrealistic. All gold and silver was going straight to Britain, and the Americans soon ran out of funds. Consequently, they were required to print and utilize paper currency. Parliament banned this, shutting down this step towards economic self-sufficiency. Colonial production was only beneficial to the mother country and when Americans grasped this, it was the inal straw of toleration. Upon departure from Britain in 1607, settlers were guaranteed the â€Å"rights of Englishmen†. Following their arrival, these promised rights were rapidly being taken away from Americans. As the colonies tried to stand on their own, Britain strived to maintain power. Restrictions and regulations began to infest the colonies, and quickly be came unbearable to the liberated Americans. Taking action against British smothering, the colonists revolted. The American Revolution was a product of colonial rejection to Britain’s attempts at taxation, legislation, and economic control.

What Is Commercial Organization?

Any type of organization who did business or commercial activity, like production and trading the goods or services. We can also name it as business organization, business enterprise or business firm as well.Difficulties Faced by Women Workers (Sapphire Textile)Ladies laborers confront distinctive difficulties in the work environment like sexual orientation based separation, provocation, residential limitation, work and family issues and unequal pay In the previous couple of decades, the part of ladies in our general public has been definitely changed. Ladies can be viewed as warrior stream pilots, educationists, client administrations head, and organization administrators, administrator heads, saving money, HR and telecom area. Ladies are making a huge commitment in every segment. Men are never again considered as the main bread worker of the house. Ladies of the family are currently additionally fiscally supporting their family. Despite the fact that the quantity of working ladies is expanding step by step yet at the same time there are sure boundaries that they need to cross to substantiate themselves helpful for the activity advertise. Sexual harassment based separation: Working men are generally given out of line advantage in contrast with the working ladies. In this male ruling society, men are viewed as all the more dedicated, keen and preferable representatives over ladies. This sexual orientation separation result in expanded level of pressure and employment disappointment. It likewise diminishes inspiration to work and duty towards the activity. Essentially ladies are given lesser open doors for quality training which thus brings about absence of information with respect to innovative progression. Local Restrictions: Prior ladies were limited to their home and their essential part was to deal with family unit tasks. With time, because of increment in financial weights on families this limitation has been discharged. Presently in the vast majority of the families ladies are likewise permitted to get advanced education and do paid employments yet under specific limitations. The greatest level of working ladies can be viewed as wellbeing laborers, educationist, assistants or whatever other low paid occupation that are very little favored by men in light of the absence of development openings and low pay-scale. Ladies are permitted to do such occupations in light of the female prevailing condition. This thing has confined the lady's introduction to other accessible openings and restricted their development in the formative area. After throughout the day of work at office, regardless of how tired they will be, they additionally need to take care of local errands. Provocation at work put: Provocation is another fundamental issue looked by working ladies, as they are viewed as a simple focus by the male partners. The greater part of the ladies in Pakistan left their home to procure cash just at the season of extraordinary need, they are much powerless and associates and higher administration hassle them by passing improper comments or ridiculing them or in outrageous cases they disturb them sexually. Typically ladies stay noiseless on such acts or overlook them or endure it in dread of losing their activity. They are hesitant to make claims against the guilty parties. Some of them leave to dispose of this since they realize that it is of no utilization to make a grievance against them. Degenerate officers and higher specialists don't bolster them. Strict laws are there to help working ladies however just if this gets revealed. This is one of the real reasons why families don't enable ladies to work. Lower Pay-scale: The business ought to guarantee that uniform wages ought to be paid to the two people on an equivalent measure of work done. In numerous work environments, representatives are not permitted to examine their pay rates in view of which nobody ever comes to know whether they are paid less or not. Tormenting, provocation and mishandling are striking acts however bring down wages is a quiet offense, nobody makes any dissension and the issue proceeds. Ladies are paid less in light of the fact that business has this preset idea that she will leave the place of employment after marriage or in the wake of having youngsters. Ladies gain low likewise on the grounds that they need to pick a less difficult activity for themselves so they can invest more energy at home. Parenthood influences the lady's vocation antagonistically as opposed to men. The association should offer some family-friendlier approach and furthermore ensure break even with wages ought to be given to the workers without sexual orientation segregation. Staying noiseless on such act implies that we are quietly supporting this wrongdoing. Hitched Working Women: The majority of the wedded ladies are not permitted to carry out a vocation and furthermore, it winds up troublesome for them to keep up work and family tasks harmony as a result of expanded duty. Customarily, men are the bread workers of the house and it isn't considerable if ladies bolster the family fiscally or if ladies gain more than men. Hitched working ladies additionally confront issues at work. It isn't feasible for them to work in late hours. The vast majority of the work environments don't have nurseries or childcare where moms can keep their youngsters. Negative demeanors of male colleagues: Demeanor of male colleagues is now and again extremely mortifying and one-sided. It is viewed as that ladies are enlisted just to add shading to the workplace condition. Absence of working environment social help, from partners and chiefs prompts non-attendance, low turnover and occupation disappointment. Higher experts should endeavor to build up a strong and favorable workplace. Transport: The vehicle framework in our nation is extremely poor. This is a major obstruction for the ladies who need to go out for an occupation. People both need to confront this issue. In spite of the deficient accessibility of the general population transport, ladies likewise need to confront provocation. They will undoubtedly go on transports and vans since taxis are costly.

Manifesto of the Communist Party essays

Manifesto of the Communist Party essays This paper is analysis of part one of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels Manifesto of the Communist Party. [1] In particular the text will be situated historically, as well as within a scheme of development of Marxist thought. The main problem and arguments of the text will be explored with emphasis on Marxs outline of the historical development of capitalism, as well as the development of the capitalist and working classes. The Manifesto of the Communist Party was written in 1847 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels for the Communist League of London. It is this Manifesto that Marx first applies his concept of historical materialism, which he constructed in 1846 in The German Ideology. This alternative theory of history synthesized materialism and idealism to ultimately describe society as a social totality; with the mode of production being a historical phenomenon giving rise to civil society. Following the Manifesto, Marx and Engels continue to apply historical materialism to society, as seen in Capital. Capital was written in 1867 by Marx and Engels, and it focused on analyzing the capitalist mode of production. In particular this work uses dialectical thinking to explain Marxs theory of exploitation; a theory which explains the origins of profits as the exchange of the fixed variable of labour for the potential variable of the product of labour. Part one of the Manifesto of the Communist Party focuses on explaining the emergence of capitalism, and the resulting social classes that emerge out of this new mode of production. Foremost Marx notes that capitalism comes forth out of the context of feudal society. The feudal system of industry, under which industrial production was monopolized by closed guilds, now no longer sufficed for the growing wants of the new markets. The manufacturing system took its place. ...

Emma Watsons UN Speech on Gender Equality

Emma Watsons UN Speech on Gender Equality On Sep. 20,  2014, British actor and Goodwill Ambassador for U.N. Women Emma Watson  gave a smart, important, and moving speech about gender inequality and how to fight it. In doing so, she launched the HeForShe initiative, which aims to get men and boys to join the feminist fight for gender equality. In the speech, Watson made the important point that in order for gender equality to be achieved, harmful and destructive stereotypes of masculinity and behavioral expectations for boys and men have got to change. Biography Emma Watson is a British actress and model born in 1990, who is best known for her 10-year stint as Hermione Granger in the eight Harry Potter movies. Born in Paris, France to a pair of now-divorced British lawyers, she made a reported $15 million dollars for playing Granger in each of the last two Harry Potter films. Watson began taking acting classes at six years of age and was selected for the Harry Potter cast in 2001 at age nine. She attended the Dragon School at Oxford, and then the Headington private girls school. Eventually, she received a bachelors degree in English literature at Brown University in the United States. Watson has been actively involved in humanitarian causes for several years, working to promote fair trade and organic clothing, and as an ambassador for Camfed International, a movement to educate girls in rural Africa. Celebrity Feminism Watson is one of several women in the arts who have leveraged their high profile status to bring womens rights issues to the public eye. The list includes Jennifer Lawrence, Patricia Arquette, Rose McGowan, Annie Lennox, Beyonce, Carmen Maura, Taylor Swift, Lena Dunham, Katy Perry, Kelly Clarkson, Lady Gaga, and Shailene Woodley, although some have refused to self-identify as feminists. These women have been both celebrated and criticized for the positions they have taken; the term celebrity feminist is sometimes used to denigrate their credentials or question their authenticity, but there is no doubt that their championships of different causes have shed public light into myriad issues. The U.N. and HeForShe Eduardo Munoz Alvarez / Getty Images In 2014, Watson was named a U.N. Women Goodwill Ambassador by the United Nations, a program that actively involves prominent personalities in the fields of arts and sports to promote U.N. programs. Her role is to serve as an advocate for U.N. Womens gender equality campaign known as HeForShe. HeForShe, led by the U.N.s Elizabeth Nyamayaro and under the direction of Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, is a program dedicated to improving the status of women and inviting men and boys around the world to stand in solidarity with women and girls as they make that make gender equality a reality. The speech at the United Nations was part of her official role as U.N. Women Goodwill Ambassador. Below is the  full transcript of her 13-minute speech; after that is a discussion of the speechs reception. Emma Watsons Speech at the U.N. Today we are launching a campaign called HeForShe. I am reaching out to you because we need your help. We want to end gender inequality, and to do this, we need everyone involved. This is the first campaign of its kind at the UN. We want to try to mobilize as many men and boys as possible to be advocates for change. And, we don’t just want to talk about it. We want to try and make sure that it’s tangible. I was appointed as Goodwill Ambassador for UN Women six  months ago. And, the more I spoke about feminism, the more I realized that fighting for women’s rights has too often become synonymous with man-hating. If there is one thing I know for certain, it is that this has to stop. For the record, feminism by definition is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. It is the theory of political, economic and social equality of the sexes. I started questioning gender-based assumptions a long time ago. When I was 8, I was confused for being called bossy because I wanted to direct the plays that we would put on for our parents, but the boys were not. When at 14, I started to be sexualized by certain elements of the media. When at 15, my girlfriends started dropping out of sports teams because they didn’t want to appear muscly. When at 18, my male friends were unable to express their feelings. I decided that I was a feminist, and this seemed uncomplicated to me. But my recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular word. Women are choosing not to identify as feminists. Apparently, I’m among the ranks of women whose expressions are seen as too strong, too aggressive, isolating, and anti-men. Unattractive, even. Why has the word become such an uncomfortable one? I am from Britain, and I think it is right I am paid the same as my male counterparts. I think it is right that I should be able to make decisions about my own body. I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and decisions that will affect my life. I think it is right that socially, I am afforded the same respect as men. But sadly, I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to see these rights. No country in the world can yet say that they achieved gender equality. These rights, I consider to be human rights but I am one of the lucky ones. My life is a sheer privilege because my parents didn’t love me less because I was born a daughter. My school did not limit me because I was a girl. My mentors didn’t assume I would go less far because I might give birth to a child one day. These influencers were the gender equality ambassadors that made me who I am today. They may not know it, but they are the inadvertent feminists who are changing the world today. And we need more of those. And if you still hate the word, it is not the word that is important. It’s the idea and the ambition behind it, because not all women have received the same rights I have. In fact, statistically, very few have. In 1995, Hillary Clinton made a famous speech in Beijing about women’s rights. Sadly, many of the things that she wanted to change are still true today. But what stood out for me the most was that less than thirty percent of the audience were male. How can we effect change in the world when only half of it is invited or feel welcome to participate in the conversation? Men, I would like to take this opportunity to extend your formal invitation. Gender equality is your issue, too. Because to date, I’ve seen my father’s role as a parent being valued less by society, despite my need of his presence as a child, as much as my mother’s. I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness, unable to ask for help for fear it would make them less of a man. In fact, in the UK, suicide is the biggest killer of men between 20 to 49, eclipsing road accidents, cancer and coronary heart disease. I’ve seen men made fragile and insecure by a distorted sense of what constitutes male success. Men don’t have the benefits of equality, either. We don’t often talk about men being imprisoned by gender stereotypes, but I can see that they are, and that when they are free, things will change for women as a natural consequence. If men don’t have to be aggressive in order to be accepted, women won’t feel compelled to be submissive. Both men and women should feel free to be sensitive. Both men and women should feel free to be strong. It is time that we all perceive gender on a spectrum, instead of two sets of opposing ideals. If we stop defining each other by what we are not, and start defining ourselves by who we are, we can all be freer, and this is what HeForShe is about. It’s about freedom. I want men to take up this mantle so that their daughters, sisters, and mothers can be free from prejudice, but also so that their sons have permission to be vulnerable and human too, reclaim those parts of themselves they abandoned, and in doing so, be a more true and complete version of themselves. You might be thinking, â€Å"Who is this Harry Potter girl, and what is she doing speaking at the UN?† And, it’s a really good question. I’ve been asking myself the same thing. All I know is that I care about this problem, and I want to make it better. And, having seen what I’ve seen, and given the chance, I feel it is my responsibility to say something. Statesman Edmund Burke said, â€Å"All that is needed for the forces of evil to triumph is for good men and women to do nothing.† In my nervousness for this speech and in my moments of doubt, I told myself firmly, â€Å"If not me, who? If not now, when?† If you have similar doubts when opportunities are presented to you, I hope those words will be helpful. Because the reality is that if we do nothing, it will take seventy-five years, or for me to be nearly 100 before women can expect to be paid the same as men for the same work. 15.5 million girls will be married in the next 16 years as children. And at current rates it won’t be until 2086 before all rural African girls will be able to receive a secondary education. If you believe in equality, you might be one of those inadvertent feminists that I spoke of earlier, and for this, I applaud you. We are struggling for a uniting word, but the good news is, we have a uniting movement. It is called HeForShe. I invite you to step forward, to be seen and to ask yourself, â€Å"If not me, who? If not now, when?† Thank you very, very much. Reception Most of the public reception for Watsons speech has been positive: The speech got a thunderous standing ovation at U.N. headquarters; Joanna Robinson writing in Vanity Fair called the speech impassioned; and Phil Plait writing in Slate called it stunning. Some positively compared Watsons speech with Hilary Clintons speech to the U.N. 20 years earlier. Other press reports have been less positive. Roxane Gay writing in The Guardian, expressed her frustration that the idea of women asking for the rights that men already have only sells when delivered in the right package: a particular kind of beauty, fame, and/or self-deprecating brand of humor. Feminism should not be something that needs a seductive marketing campaign, she said. Julia Zulwer writing in Al Jazeera wondered why the United Nations picked a foreign, distant figure to be the representative for the women of the world. Maria Jose Gmez Fuentes and colleagues argue that the HeForShe movement as expressed in Watsons speech is an innovative attempt to connect with the experiences of many women, without focusing on the trauma. However, the HeForShe movement asks for the activation of action by the people who hold power. That, say the scholars, denies the agency of women as the subjects of violence, inequality, and oppression, instead giving men the ability to restore this lack of agency, to empower the women and offer them freedom. The will to eradicate gender inequality depends on the will of the males, which is not a traditional feminist principle. The MeToo Movement However, all of this negative reaction predates the #MeToo movement, and the election of Donald Trump, as of course did Watsons speech. There are some signs that feminists of all stripes and across the world are feeling rejuvenated by the open criticism and in many cases the fall of very powerful men because they abused that power. In March of 2017, Watson met and discussed gender equality issues with bell hooks, a powerful icon of the feminist movement since the 1960s. As Alice Cornwall puts it, shared outrage can offer a powerful basis for connection and solidarity that can reach across the differences that might otherwise divide us. And as Emma Watson says, If not me, who? If not now, when? Sources Brady, Anita. Taking Time between G-String Changes to Educate Ourselves: Sinà ©ad O’Connor, Miley Cyrus, and Celebrity Feminism. Feminist Media Studies 16.3 (2016): 429-44. Print.Cornwall, Andrea. Taking Off International Developments Straightjacket of Gender. Brown Journal of World Affairs 21.1 (2014-2015): 127-39. Print.Gmez Fuentes, Marà ­a Josà ©, Emma Gà ³mez Nicolau, and Rebeca Maseda Garcà ­a. Celebrities, Gender-Based Violence and Womens Rights: Towards the Transformation of the Framework of Recognition. Revista Latina de Comunicacià ³n Social, 71 (2016): 833-52. Print.Gay, Roxane. Emma Watson? Jennifer Lawrence? These Arent the Feminists Youre Looking For. The Guardian October 14, 2014. Web, accessed February 16, 2018.Hamad, Hannah, and Anthea Taylor. Introduction: Feminism and Contemporary Celebrity Culture. Celebrity Studies 6.1 (2015): 124-27. Print.Kennelly, Alexah. #Activism: Identity, Affiliation, and Political Discourse-Making on Twitter. The Arbutus Revi ew 6.1 (2015). Print. MacDonald, Fiona. Knocking Down Walls in Political Science: In Defense of an Expansionist Feminist Agenda. Canadian Journal of Political Science 50.2 (2017): 411-26. Print.Matos, Julie. Womens Rights in Public Address: A Feminist Rhetorical Critique. Colloquy 11 (2015): 1-22. Print.Plait, Phil. I Stand with Emma Watson. Slate September 23, 2014. Web, accessed February 16, 2018.Rottenberg, Catherine. Neoliberal Feminism and the Future of Human Capital. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 42.2 (2017): 329-48. Print.Zulver, Julia. Is Emma Watson the Right Woman For the Job? Al Jazeera September 24, 2014. Web, accessed February 16, 2018.

People working in teams always achieve their goals more efficiently Research Paper

People working in teams always achieve their goals more efficiently and effectively than people working alone - Research Paper Example To increase the success rate of teamwork, the corporate manager should use effective leadership approach, establish organizational culture that promotes open communication, and create organizational culture that easily accepts work diversity and organizational change among others. Table of Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 Table of Contents †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 I. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 II. Literature Review †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 a. Advantages of Teamwork over Employees who prefe r to Work Alone †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 b. Strategic Ways on how Managers could Effectively Promote Teamwork †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 b.1 Leadership †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 b.2 Communication †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 b.3 Organizational Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 III. Practical Implications †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 IV. Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ... In fact, the act of working with other employees is necessary especially when there is a strong need to perform shared tasks. Through teamwork, complex business situations can easily be resolved within the shortest possible time. This report will focus on discussing why people who works in team has a higher chance of being able to achieve goals better in terms of being efficient and effective as compared to employees who prefer to work alone. As part of going through the main discussion, various existing theories related to teamwork will be tackled in details. Eventually, strategic ways on how managers could effectively promote teamwork within the business organization will be provided followed by discussing the significance of leadership, communication and organizational culture in the promotion of teamwork. Literature Review Advantages of Teamwork over Employees who prefer to Work Alone As a common knowledge, each person is a social being that is capable of developing a set of uniq ue talent, knowledge and skills. Because of these limitations, man is required to constantly interact with other people. In fact, social interaction is the only way wherein each individual could continuously enhance their acquired skills and knowledge. The word ‘team’ has different meanings to people. With this in mind, a team can be composed of a man and a wife as a couple. Furthermore, it is a myth to believe that all teams are effective in terms of achieving a single organizational goal. For this reason, this report will purposely define ‘team’ as â€Å"a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable† (Katzenbach and Smith, 1993, p.

Topic selection and sources Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Topic selection and sources - Coursework Example Hate crime is an important topic in criminal justice because it can cause numerous kinds of crimes, since it can lead to different forms of violence and discrimination against target individuals/groups/organizations (Hall, 2005, p.4). The concept to be examined is â€Å"profiling† which is not based in inaccurate and purely negative stereotypes about race, ethnicities, gender, religion, and/or age, but based on â€Å"observable conditions, behaviors, and activities† (Maxfield & Babbie, 2011, p.35). The research can focus on how to avoid discriminatory profiling that is rooted on personal biases or hate against others and how law enforcers should be trained to adapt a scientific approach to profiling. Profiling is an important topic in criminal justice because it can be used to help catch criminals or to prevent crimes. However, profiling guidelines and boundaries are essential to its proper theorization and practice. The research can focus on the concept of â€Å"juvenile delinquency recidivism,† particularly understanding how imprisoning juveniles, even violent ones, in adult prison systems, can worsen their behaviors and increase recidivism. Labeling theory can partially explain why labeling juveniles as criminals can socially stigmatize them enough to accept the labels as their permanent identities (Gaines & Miller, 2013, p.530). It is interesting to study how the justice system contributes to recidivism based on how it handles juvenile delinquents. In addition, â€Å"juvenile delinquency recidivism† is an important topic in criminal justice because juveniles can turn to lifetime criminals. It is crucial to use the right intervention programs to stop the further development of juveniles to adult criminals. â€Å"White-collar crime† should be clearly defined as a research concept and legal term because its definition affects the identification of white-collar criminals. The research can focus on how white-collar crime is defined

How to Build Teams Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How to Build Teams - Research Paper Example Employees who have their value acknowledge by the organization and receive respect from their boss go beyond their work jurisdiction willingly to achieve the company’s organization. There is need for companies to have a well built team of staff in the work place. In order to successfully build a team in the work place, there should be consistency and commitment. Team building is a process that calls for a comprehensive strategy which targets at developing and maintaining a work environment of team-oriented employees. When building a team in the work place, one needs to ensure purpose of the team is clearly defined. This is achieved through stating comprehensible realistic goals and making everybody in the team informed on the expectations, organization’s plan and their role in realizing the goals. The team should be made conscious of where they fit in the company through have contribution to the vision and the purpose of team building. Resources available for team build ing are very vital in coming with a team of staff in the work place. The resources should be accessible for use by the team. Furthermore, a proper communication is necessary for ensuring that connection between team members and the manger is two-way. A good team makes members feel excited on what they do and, thus, being in a position to handle challenges and failure. Creation of objectives and goals should be facilitated in a manner that allows all members to share the grounds. It is through this facilitation that talents, interests and ideas are identified from the group members. This way a shared path that influences everyone’s strength and talents is facilitated. According to the article by Allen, Pennisi & Norman on building development, high performance buildings are achieved through high performance teamwork. Given the supply chain and international competition facing the building industry, the industry has to come up with ways of developing high- performance building and a considerable reduction in energy consumption. This was the case with the United States manufacturing industry in 70’s and 80’s. It was necessary for the industry to adopt innovative and improved methods of product development in order to meet the competitive challenges. There is the necessity to make sure that a product meets what companies and customers want. High performance achieved through great products should be regarded as a norm (Allen et al 224). It is of greate value to have a customer focus organizational orientation. This entails having an understanding of customers’ needs so as to incorporate proactively the customers’ desires into the process of product development. Understanding customers’need as over the years evolved with a lot of variations but understanding what the customers want is vital in this field. In order to compete effectively in the building industry, there is the necessity to understand what is needed of a high- performance building. It should be able to tell who the customers of the industry are. Through knowing their customers, players in the building industry will have an understanding of the wide range of what they to experience. Understanding what the customer needs is of great importance as a building of high effectiveness and efficiency to its users. Such buildings are profitable to the owners as well. The building indust

Iceland’s Economy During the Credit Crunch

Iceland’s Economy During the Credit Crunch Icelands economy used to be based on fishing and high-energy industries such as aluminium until it experienced a sharp boom period in the late nineties. Money flooded into Icelands economy creating enormous growth rates and unemployment fell to almost zero. The three major banks in Iceland Landsbanki, Glitnir and Kaputhing used this money to leverage debt and invest heavily abroad. They bought everything from Hamley’s to the Somerfield supermarket chain to West Ham United Football Club. However, towards the end of this decade Icelands economy was becoming increasingly reliant on debt and once the credit crunch arrived their banks were fatally exposed. They had made the same mistake as Lehman Brothers and the other large, now defunct, US investment banks. They had borrowed short-term cash to make long-term investments. Icelands economy was hinged on the continuous rolling over of debt, which had posed no difficulties in the boom years. However once the credit became more diffic ult to acquire, then the situation of the banks became perilous and so did that of Icelands economy. The bank’s share prices began to fall as did the exchange rate of Iceland’s Krona currency. The more difficulty the banks experienced, the more Icelands economy looked to be built on an unsustainable debt bubble. The banks funding was rapidly drying up and in 2008 the Icelandic government began nationalising them as depositor’s were panicking and taking their money out. But it did not stop there for Icelands economy; foreign reserves began to dry-up as the government now also found it difficult to borrow money because the international markets didn’t believe the government could rescue the banks as well as repay their own debt. One economic commentator said that it was not just a case of it being a run on a bank; it was a run on Icelands economy! Just how serious it is has been for Icelands economy can be seen from the fact that the government announced in early Oct 2008 that they were going to attempt to get a loan from the Russian government. This is a shock move considering that Iceland is a member of NATO. In the end however Icelands economy was saved, in the short-term at least, by a loan from the Swedish government. It is hoped that this will help support Icelands economy but there are fresh fears that they are facing a sovereign default. The government confirmed this when the Prime Minister stated in a TV broadcast that Icelands economy faced ‘a real risk of bankruptcy’ due to the credit crunch. It is worth elaborating on the discussion on Icelands economy during the credit crunch by looking at the impact it was, and is, having on real consumers in the country and then on those living outside the country who might think that what happens in Icelands economy will have no impact on them. During the height of the credit crunch in Iceland, the BBC interviewed a number of people to assess their sentiment. One young woman spoke of the rapidly rising prices because so much of the food was imported and with the Krona falling, prices on the shelves were soaring. People were even bulk buying food and hoarding it according to this interviewee. Icelands economy had gone from being one the wealthiest countries to this dire situation very quickly. Another Icelandic resident said he had bought his house for 13 Million Krona last year but because of the credit crunch causing higher interest rates, he now owed 16 Million Krona on it! He said Icelands economy had been built of debt and many p eople had borrowed at low interest rates not thinking they could rise – but they did. Another couple who had recently moved from the UK to live in Iceland said they were considering moving back. They could not access their savings because their bank had been nationalised and they were panicking. They thought Icelands economy was prosperous and wealthy but now they realised it was heading for an enormous recession and they did not want to stay there to experience it. Those living in the UK might believe they are immune from problems with Icelands economy but on Oct 7th, they realised they were not. On that day, the online savings bank, Ice Save declared they had suspended withdrawals in the UK because their parent bank Landsbanki, had run out of cash. It is estimated that 300,000 UK residents had a savings account with Ice Bank. Those who believed that problems with Icelands economy would stay in Iceland were seriously misinformed. It is also worth looking at some background information on what precisely caused the difficulties with Icelands economy and why the credit crunch impacted them particularly. The question most people might ask were why Icelands economy was so affected and the simple answer to this is size. Size really matters when it comes to economic problems. The UK and US economies were big enough and diversified enough to be able to move in and recapitalise their banking systems with national resources. Iceland has a population of only 400,000 people and their banks had ballooned in size. Icelands economy, no matter how productive it was, could never bail out their banks which had been investing huge sums outside of Icelands economy. Yet the Icelandic government was caught in a trap; without a functioning banking system, it knew an economy cannot function and so they were determined to prop up their banks. However, the government poured too many of the national reserves into its banks before it re alised it was all in vain. Icelands economy was destroyed during the credit crunch because it ultimately lacked a big enough central bank like the Bank of England or Federal Reserve. In fact, some individual Iceland’s banks were far bigger than Icelands economy itself and so could never have been rescued. The lesson to learn from the experience of Icelands economy during the credit crunch is to ensure that banks are well regulated and that their loans do not grow beyond the capacity of the government to rescue them should the need occur.